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Energy rate density is the amount of energy per unit time per unit mass (in CGS metric units erg/s/g; in MKS units joule/s/kg). It is terminologically (but not always numerically) equivalent to power density when measured in SI units of W/kg. Regardless of the units used, energy rate density describes the flow of energy through any system of given mass, and has been proposed as a measure of system complexity.〔("Energy Rate Density as a Complexity Metric and Evolutionary Driver," ) ''Complexity'', v 16, p 27, 2011; DOI: 10.1002/cplx.20323.〕〔("The Natural Science Underlying Big History," ) ''The Scientific World Journal'', v 2014, 41 pgs, 2014; DOI:10.1155/2014/384912.〕 Energy rate density is actually a general term that is equivalent to more specialized terms used by many different disciplinary scientists. For example, in astronomy it is called the luminosity-to-mass ratio (the inverse of the mass-luminosity ratio), in physics the power density, in geology the specific radiant flux (where “specific” denotes per unit mass), in biology the specific metabolic rate, and in engineering the power-to-weight ratio. Interdisciplinary researchers prefer to use the general term, energy rate density, not only to stress the intuitive notion of energy flow (in contrast to more colloquial connotations of the word "power"), but also to unify its potential application among all the natural sciences,〔("Using Complexity Science to Search for Unity in the Natural Sciences," ) In ''Complexity and the Arrow of Time'', Lineweaver, Davies and Ruse (eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press, 2013; http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139225700.006.〕 as in the cosmology of cosmic evolution. 〔 〕 This term has in recent years gained many diverse applications in various disciplines, including history,〔''Big History and the Future of Humanity'', Spier, F., Wiley-Blackwell, New York, 2010.〕 cosmology,〔''The Beginning and the End'', Vidal, C., Springer, Heidelberg, 2014.〕 economics,〔''The Nature of Value'', Gogerty, N., Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 2014.〕 philosophy,〔''The Metaphysics of Technology'', Skrbina, D., Routledge, New York, 2015.〕 and behavioral biology.〔''Evolution and the Emergent Self'', Neubauer, R., Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 2012.〕 ==References== 〔 * * * * 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Energy rate density」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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